Bean Production Problems : Disease, Insect, Soil and Climatic Constraints of phaseolus vulgaris /
Howard F. Schwartz and Guillermo E. Galvez.
- 424 paginas : Figuras (blanco y negro) ; fotografías (negro y blanco) ; 25 cm .
Incluye indice .
Chapter 1. Bean production and pest constraints in latin America -- Capter 2. Rust -- Chapter 3. Anthracnose -- Chapter 4. Angular leaf spot -- Chapter 5. Root rots -- Chapter 6. Web blight -- Chapter 7. White mold -- Chapter 8. Miscellaneous fungal pathogens -- Capter 9. Common and fuscous blights -- Chapter 10. Miscellaneous bacterial diseases -- Section III. Mycoplama and viral diseases -- Chapter 11. Mycoplasma-like diseases -- Chapter 12. Aphid-Transmited viruses -- Chapter 13. Beetle -transmited viruses -- Chapter 14. Whitefly-trnsmitted viruses -- Chapter 15. Miscellaneous bean viruses -- Section IV. Other PRODUCTION PROBLEMS -- Chapter 16. Seed pathology -- Chapter 17. Nematodes -- Chapter 18. Miscellaneous problems -- Chapter 19. Nutritional didorders -- Chapter 20. Insects and other bean -- Apendix I. -- Apendix II -- Apendix III.
More plant pathogens, and more aggressive or virulent isolates of these pathogens, are attacking beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in tropical regions than in temperate regions. The pathogens vary greatly between seasons and years for their incidence and damage; hence it is difficult to obtain the economic data required for their priority ranking. Various pathogens are restricted to growing regions which possess specific environmental factors necessary for their survival and perpetuation. Other pathogens are ubiquitous throughout Latin America and other regions of the world. Additional pathogens and insects may be important in specific production regions, but they do not reduce total Latin American bean production significantly. Since it is unlikely that resistance to all major pathogens can be combined immediately in commercially acceptable cultivars, some grouping is useful to determine priorities for specific production systems. Beans produced in cool climates frequently suffer yield losses due to some combination of bean common mosaic virus, rust, anthracnose, angular leaf spot, root rots and bacterial blights. Beans produced in warm-hot, relatively dry climates frequently suffer yield losses due to some combination of bean common mosaic virus, bean golden mosaic virus, rust, angular leaf spot, root rots, and common bacterial blight. Beans produced in warm-hot, relatively moist climates frequently suffer yield losses due to some combination of web blight, root rots, and common bacterial blight. However, it is not uncommon to encounter production regions in which conditions favor epidemics of common bacterial blight, anthracnose, web blight and other diseases simultaneously or during different stages of the bean production cycle. Diseases such as web blight, common bacterial blight and bean golden mosaic virus have been important factors in the development of dry bean production policies throughout Latin America. Web blight and common bacterial blight are important diseases in relatively warm and humid regions and currently constrain bean cultivars from being grown profitably in many production zones. Bean golden mosaic virus has been a devastating disease in parts of Brazil, Central America, the Caribbean and México. Many of the principal insect pests, such no later in. leaf -fecding bellar and larvac, and cutworms, are encountered throughout n beciliction regions and can damage beans seriousty during vario?! produs! Other insects, such as the Mexican bean beetle and bean Dog period, are primarily encountered only in regions of Central America, bod weebean and Mexico. Storage insects, or Bruchids, are very pervasie Gara serious cconomic problem, because they often force producers to ser and a immediately after harvest when the market supply is saturated an prices are low. Dry bean production also is affected by many constraints other than plant pathogens and insect pests. Soil fertility is extremely variable throughout Latin America and other regions of the world, and bean production often is severely limited by deficiencies and/or toxicities of clements required for plant development. Miscellaneous production problems may be induced by such factors as agricultural chemicals, air pollutants, climatic variations or extremes and genetic abnormalities. Much Literature on bean production constraints has been published by scientists in the American continents and other parts of the world since 1957, when Drs. W.J. Zaumeyer and H.R. Thomas released their authoritative monograph on bean diseases and methods for their control. Our book was written to supplement their monograph as a technical and current review of major and minor bean production constraints which occur in Latin America and other dry bean growing regions of the world. It also is intended to assist scientific, administrative and extension personnel involved in programs to improve dry bean production. This book is divided into four general sections, each containing chapters written on specific dry bean constraints by one or more of the 20 contributing authors. Intensive reviews are presented for dry bean production and losses, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, mycoplasma-like and viral diseases, and other production constraints including seed pathology, nematodes, miscellaneous problems, soil fertility, insects and other pests. Three appendices are included to aid the reader in the identification of pesticides referred to throughout the book, to convert metric to U.S. units, and to clarify the current taxonomy for certain legume species.
Material bibliográfico para estudiantes universitarios, docentes e investigadores. PE-TmUNAS